Confined Space Entry

Confined spaces are one of the most deceptive hazards in construction. A space that appears safe can accumulate deadly gases within minutes after a worker enters. The majority of confined space fatalities happen not to the original victim but to coworkers who entered without protection to attempt a rescue. No entry without a permit, atmospheric testing, and a trained attendant outside is the non-negotiable rule.

1. A permit-required confined space has at least one of these: potential to trap, hazardous atmosphere, or another recognized serious safety or health hazard.
2. Atmospheric testing is mandatory BEFORE entry and continuously throughout: oxygen (19.5–23.5%), flammable gas (<10% LEL), toxic contaminants (CO <35 ppm, H₂S <1 ppm).
3. Never enter to rescue a downed worker without proper equipment and a trained attendant outside — most confined space deaths are rescuers.
4. The entry permit must be completed, signed, and posted at the entry point before anyone descends.
5. A trained attendant must remain outside at all times. They never enter the space and are authorized to initiate rescue procedures.
6. Ventilation does not replace atmospheric testing — always test first, ventilate, then re-test before entry.
7. If the permit is canceled or conditions change during entry, all workers must exit immediately.